This book sheds new light on Japanese management and its social consequences. Since the collapse of the Japanese bubble economy, the once acclaimed Japanese-style management has been under serious criticism both inside and outside Japan, but this is not a new phenomenon: over the last 50 years, evaluation of Japan and Japanese management has fluctuated widely between extreme affirmation and extreme negation. This study is unique because it is a longitudinal analysis that covers 35 years it uses firsthand information from managers in major Japanese corporations; and by involving several of these managers in the research process the views of actual practitioners are made available.