The first systematic account of human nature linking a biological understanding of human nature with a politics of inclusion.

Does human nature constrain social and political change, or do social and political changes transform human nature? Why Human Nature Matters argues that the answer to both questions is ‘yes’. This philosophical account offers new tools for connecting biological and political perspectives on humanity. The focus is on the construction of human relations and environments, and on the complex materiality of these transformations. The structure and history of the philosophical and scientific debates on human nature show that political praxis and ideas about human nature interact in a variety of ways. Ideas about human nature affect how people live their lives, organize their societies, and imagine their futures. The book explores these processes and their implications for the present state of our species. Appeals to human nature can uphold the status quo or advocate for change, and they can be wielded for exclusion or inclusion. The book proposes ways of thinking about human nature that stress the importance of diversity, plasticity, cooperation, and freedom.

"A very fine exemplar of ‘philosophy of praxis’ put in motion to address some pressing issues of our time, such as the transformations we can bring about at the intersection between nature, society and culture." - Giorgio Cesarale, Associate Professor of Philosophy, Ca’Foscari University of Venice, Italy Does human nature constrain social and political

"Ideas matter, and few matter more than the idea of a human nature. Reading Matteo Mameli’s tour-de-force, Why Human Nature Matters, Between Biology and Politics, will give readers a much-needed thorough understanding of classic ideas about what humans are like and of contemporary debates about human nature. This beautifully written book will also give them a sophisticated grasp on how science, politics, and philosophy are often irremediably intertwined." - Edouard Machery, Professor of History and Philosophy of Science, University of Pittsburgh, USA