During the 20th century the problem of post-revolutionary bureaucracy emerged as the most pressing theoretical and political concern confronting Marxism. No one contributed more to the discussion of this question than Leon Trotsky. In Trotsky and the Problem of Soviet Bureaucracy, Thomas M. Twiss traces the development of Trotsky's thinking on this issue from the first years after the Bolshevik Revolution through to the Moscow Trials of the 1930s. Throughout, Twiss examines how Trotsky's perception of events influenced his theoretical understanding.