The first comprehensive history of the Ryukyu Islands region in English.

The Ryukyu Islands between Japan and Taiwan consist of around 160 islands and are home to about 1.5 million inhabitants. Across the islands’ history, sea-lanes and trade patterns have connected them to the East China Sea region, giving them a unique vantage point on the region’s changes and making them a useful lens through which to view and understand those transformations. In this book, Gregory Smits marshals his expertise to canvass the environmental, political, and social history of this fascinating area, emphasizing the diversity of influences from China, Japan, and Korea that have shaped it. Smits begins by tracing the islands’ early history from the time of the oldest extant human remains, through massive inflows of settlers from Japan, until the emergence of a centralized state in the sixteenth century. He then traces the development of the Ryukyu Kingdom from the fifteenth to the nineteenth century, examining its major cultural formations and the interplay of local and external influences driving its evolution. Finally, Smits ushers readers to the modern era, from the end of the Ryukyu Kingdom in 1879 through World War II, the era of American military control, and on to the present. He concludes with their present-day status as a tourist destination affected by ongoing geopolitical, economic, and environmental challenges. Synthesizing decades of research, this book is an indispensable, comprehensive guide to the islands’ history for scholars and nonspecialists alike.

"“The Ryukyu Islands is one of the most outstanding monographs on the history of Okinawa. Smits not only engages with, but also challenges squarely, the canonical texts and established understanding of Ryukyu and Okinawa. Relevant both academically and at the current historical and political juncture, Smits’s book will surely be celebrated as his magnum opus.”" - Shinnosuke Takahashi, Victoria University of Wellington

"“The Ryukyu Islands is well researched, insightful, and informative. With an accessible prose style, it is a perfect book for scholars focused on Okinawan/Ryukyuan history, but it will also be of interest to anyone exploring Japanese history and East Asia.”" - Mark McNally, University of Hawai?i at Manoa