Lifelong prosopagnosia has emerged as a key testing ground for theories of visual system organization, as well as the development and the emergence of neural specificity in the human brain. A key open issue concerns whether individuals who have lifelong prosopagnosia also experience difficulty with recognizing non-face stimuli. This volume features a thorough review of the congenital prosopagnosia literature and critical commentaries by the leading experts in the field. This book was originally published as a special issue of Cognitive Neuropsychology.