This issue of Hematology/Oncology Clinics, edited by Dr. Ali Taher, focuses on Thalassemia. Topics include, but are not limited to, Molecular basis and genetic modifiers; Evolving spectrum of epidemiology; Clinical classification; Ineffective erythropoiesis, anemia and iron overload; Hypercoagulability and vascular disease; Clinical complications and their management; Transfusion and iron chelation therapy; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in Thalassemia; Gene therapy and genome editing; Emerging therapies; Quality of life; Advances in understanding pathophysiology and treatment of fertility, pregnancy, and prenatal diagnosis in Thalassemia; and MRI for iron overload.