The present manual is one in a series of similar publications by the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC), dealing with the identification and analysis of various types of drugs under international control. In line with the overall objective of this series of UNODC publications, the present manual suggests approaches that may assist drug analysts in the selection of methods appropraiate to the sample under examination and provide data suitable for the purpose at hand, leaving room also for adaptation to the level of sophistication of different laboratories and the various legal need.