This inaugural issue is devoted to exploring measurement, research design, and statistics issues in six subdisciplines of exercise and sport science. Originally presented at the Eighth Measurement and Evaluation Symposium, all papers in this issue reflect the work of many renowned measurement specialists and content experts in their respective fields. The articles discuss the following topics: standards of assessment quality for physical educators and the problem of providing adequate assessment without adequate resources; the importance of properly conceptualizing and defining appropriate research questions as the "source and solution" for measurement and design issues in reference to motor learning/control and sport and exercise psychology; the study of individuals -- single-subject and other small-sample designs -- in contrast to the more traditional study of groups; and the importance of computing and reporting statistical power in research.