Where do we look when we look inward? In what sort of space does our inner life take place? Augustine said that to turn inward is to find oneself in a library of memories, while the Indian Buddhist tradition holds that we are self-illuminating beings casting light onto a world of shadows. And a disquieting set of dissenters has claimed that inwardness is merely an illusion—or, worse, a deceit.

Jonardon Ganeri explores philosophical reflections from many of the world’s intellectual cultures, ancient and modern, on how each of us inhabits an inner world. In brief and lively chapters, he ranges across an unexpected assortment of diverse thinkers: Buddhist, Hindu, Islamic, Chinese, and Western philosophy and literature from the Upaniṣads, Socrates, and Avicenna to Borges, Simone Weil, and Rashōmon. Ganeri examines the various metaphors that have been employed to explain interiority—shadows and mirrors, masks and disguises, rooms and enclosed spaces—as well as the interfaces and boundaries between inner and outer worlds. Written in a cosmopolitan spirit, this book is a thought-provoking consideration of the value—or peril—of turning one’s gaze inward for all readers who have sought to map the geography of the mind.

"A work of dazzling compression and eclectic research . . . in little more than 100 eloquent pages." - Los Angeles Review of Books

"Not every philosophical survey can be as learned and open-minded, or as attentive to subtle historical parallels and difference as Ganeri's. But books like this show how unexpected and challenging the history of philosophy can be when it chooses to probe and complicate the traditional distinctions between 'Wester' and 'non-Western' philosophy, between literary and scientific inquiry, between metaphorical and literal uses of language." - TLS

"A worthy and compelling philosophical topic, one that Ganeri unfolds in insightful and often effective ways through brief encounters with literary and philosophical sources." - Theory and Event

"I recommend to all of you this little book. It's refreshing and considering the times, an important distraction." - Articles and more...