First published in 2001. A major contributor to the increased diversity of America's schoolchildren is immigration. The United States is a nation of immigrants, but rates of immigration have varied considerably over different periods of its history. Currently, the United States is experiencing a period of high immigration, which began in the 1960. Numerous reports indicate that schools are ill prepared for the increased diversity of America's school population. This aim of this edition is to provide a set of stimulating articles that highlight the current challenges associated with the schooling of ethnic minority children and to describe some potential directions for educational researchers, both in the direction of ''pure theory development and testing and in more applied areas of intervention studies and school reform.