"The people want ...": the first half of slogans chanted by millions of Arab protesters in 2011 revealed a long-suppressed craving for democracy. But huge social and economic problems were also laid bare by their demands. In this landmark work, noted Middle East analyst Gilbert Achcar assesses the roots and dynamics of the Arab uprisings, and analyses the specific socio-economic features that hinder the region's development. Achcar also sheds light on the nature and role of the movements that use Islam as a political banner and the oil monarchies that sponsor them. With incisive and invaluable insight, Achcar outlines the requirements for a lasting solution to the social crisis and the contours of a progressive political alternative. What we have witnessed to date is only the beginning of a revolutionary process that is likely to extend for many more years to come.