By 1400, the once-mighty Byzantine Empire stood on the verge of destruction. Most of its territories had been lost to the Ottoman Turks, and Constantinople was under close blockade. Against all odds, Byzantium lingered on for another fifty years until 1453, when the Ottomans dramatically toppled the capital’s walls. During this bleak and uncertain time, ordinary Byzantines faced difficult decisions to protect their livelihoods and families against the death throes of their homeland. In this evocative and moving book, Jonathan Harris explores individual stories of diplomatic maneuverings, covert defiance, and sheer luck against a backdrop of major historical currents and offers a new perspective on the real reasons behind the fall of this extraordinarily fascinating empire.

"'Harris interrogates the evidence sensitively … showing how the realities of power in the Eastern Mediterranean rendered simple notions of patriotism and heroism irrelevant. … What Harris's lucid narrative demonstrates is that there was no clear East-West, Muslim-Christian split.' - Times Literary Supplement" - Times Literary Supplement

"“Harris offers plenty of serious scholarship, and a useful amount of background.”—John Hinton, Catholic Herald" - Catholic Herald

"Lucid; extremely well written with an excellent array of quotes and spread of information."—Michael Angold, Reviews In History - Reviews in History

"Harris is fully in command of this Islamic conquest and records a saga seething with treachery and avarice with rich political overtones and giant cannonades. Christendom is at flashpoint in this scholarly journey into a barbaric age."—Colin Gardner, Oxford Times - Oxford Times

"Harris's book tells and oft-told tale in a fresh way. — Brian G. H. Ditcham, Gillingham, Kent, England" - Sixteenth Century Journal

"“Shows expert knowledge of the Greeks in the west and of cultural trends in humanistic thought. . . . Harris provides a sympathetic reading of the civil wars and conflicts engendered by the empire’s fundamental problem in this era: how to balance Byzantine traditions with the need for military aid from the West in order to confront the Ottoman Turks.”—Judith Herrin, Wall Street Journal" - Wall Street Journal

"“Western education has given us so little background on the Byzantines that Harris’s thorough study will whet readers’ appetite for more about this intriguing kingdom.”—Publishers Weekly" - Publishers Weekly

"“The End of Byzantium is a worthy successor to [earlier] books and indeed supersedes them as an introduction to the empire in its final hour. . . . [Harris] explains the unfamiliar without dumbing-down and lets the players speak for themselves.”—Paul Magdalino, American Historical Review" - American Historical Review