This book explores the struggle and differences between the current governmental power, the AKP, and the Gülen movement, the leading civic Islamic movement, in Turkey. It discusses the history of relations between the AKP and the Gülen movement and analyzes the reasons that caused tensions and, eventually, a radical rupture between them. In order to help readers to better understand the difference between Political Islam and civil Islam, the project explains the political theology of each group and compares them to each other. The author explains the human rights violations, restrictions on the media and the destruction of democratic institutions in Erdogan’s New Turkey project. This is an ideal monograph for scholars interested in the Middle East, sociology, and political Islam.