Pili in Mycobacterium Tuberculosis: Structure, Function, and Therapeutic Advances discusses the types of pili produced by the tuberculosis-causing bacterium, Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB). The book examines the structure of pili shown under electron and atomic force microscopy and, by using whole genome sequencing, outlines the importance of pili in MTB. It also explores the role of pili in bacteria–host interactions and in drug development and delivery. The book provides an overview of the structure, synthesis, and function of pili in bacteria. This includes taxonomy and the role of pili in diseases. It also examines the structure of pili and the preparation of MTB for electronic and atomic microscopy. It explores the various life cycles of pili, the susceptibility patterns of MTB, the differences of pili formation in MTB, and their role in increase surveillance. It goes on to discuss the expression and function of pili using whole genome sequencing and PCR-based methods and delves into bacteria–host interactions. Lastly, it explores the development of new drugs and their therapeutic delivery by pili.