The document includes the elements of National Forest Monitoring System (NFMS) related to REDD+ under the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), while describing the UN-REDD Programme’s approach to Monitoring and Measurement, Reporting and Verification (M & MRV). The publication addresses elements of relevant texts of the UNFCCC and the methodological recommendations of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). This approach aims to allow the end-user to consider the possible needs, building blocks and potential use of forest monitoring in the context of the implementation of REDD+ activities in distinct national contexts. It is specifically aimed at satisfying the needs of developing countries aiming to undertake REDD+ activities following the decisions of the UNFCCC, drawing on experiences from UN-REDD Programme pilot countries.