This text examines and critiques the norms, assumptions, historical conditions, and institutions that have framed the development and uses of art theory. Spurred by the theoretical claims of Arthur Danto, a leader in the philosophy of the avant-garde, Herwitz re-examines the art and theory of major figures in the avant-garde movement including John Cage, Jean-Francois Lyotard, Jean Baudrillard and Andy Warhol.