There are many positive aspects to an advanced technological society. But, as is true with most things in life, for every upside there exists a downside. Our advanced technological society has made life more comfortable and more enjoyable, but it has also resulted in less movement, less activity, and an overall under active society. The physiological consequences of inactivity are evident in the increased prevalence of chronic diseases, including heart disease, this nation's number one cause of death. This book explores the physiological mechanisms and consequences of an under active society as well as the concept of prevention in the form of health promotion programs. Substantial research studies are referenced and extensive data analysis is provided to substantiate the concept of prevention.