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The textbook explores the peculiarities of the subject of religious studies, its place in the system of humanitarian knowledge, the fundamental provisions of religious studies, basic concepts, basic concepts of the study of religion, their possibilities, the essence and significance of religion in the spiritual and cultural life of the individual. The purpose of the textbook is to facilitate the study of the main issues of the theory and practice of religious studies as a humanitarian science that explores the social and historical nature of religion and to highlight the formation of the phenomenon of religion, which appears as a gradual process of integration of traditional theological knowledge, existential philosophical achievements and reflection on the acquisition of practical experience of personality formation around the axiological system of religions.