The study explores the link between infrastructure reform and poverty observed in Latin America. It details why infrastructure investment is likely to continue to be a core component of many poverty alleviation programs. The study also stresses why and how, in most countries, infrastructure reform aimed at promoting private financing of investment needs, must be designed in ways in which poverty concerns are taken into account. It provides practical guidelines and options to ensure that the critical needs for additional infrastructure investments are met and that the strategies to address the needs of the poor are as cost effective as possible.