A majority of the existing literature on human trafficking is based on the Trafficking Protocol (2000), and provides limited historical analysis of the preceding law on the subject. This book comprehensively analyses the origin and drafting history of the five treaties on human trafficking that preceded the 2000 treaty. The author, through such an analysis, details the development of public international law in relation to the trafficking of children for sexual exploitation of prostitution from 1864 to 1950. Highlighting a misconception in the existing literature that provides an erroneous understanding of the status of children under one of the treaties in this period, the book seeks to correct this misconception in the literature.