From the Supreme Court's decision of Brown vs. Topeka in 1955 to the assassination of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., in 1968 - African American students, lawyers, ministers and communities conducted a successful nonviolent campaign against the system of American apartheid in eleven states. This work is organized into four sections. The first is a history of apartheid in the U.S. before Brown vs. Topeka. The causes of the movement - the enforcement of apartheid laws by state governments, courts, police, and the KKK - are also analyzed. The second discusses 54 confrontations in the struggle for Civil Rights - including important court cases, boycotts, sit-ins, marches, demonstrations, and the desegregation of various cities and schools - from Autherine Lucy vs. University of Alabama in 1952 to 1969's hospital workers' strike in Charleston. The third is an alphabetical list of 53 leaders of the movement. Each profile contains biographical information and the subject's achievements. This section also includes a list of 40 historically significant activist organizations. The fourth section discusses six important Civil Rights laws and concludes with the general accomplishments of the struggle.