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In the history of Ukrainian realistic literature, the works of Ivan Nechuy-Levytsky occupy a prominent place. It is known that the development of fiction and, in particular, the great epic genres of the story and novel is an important stage in the formation of the national art of the word. Having entered the Ukrainian literary field, Nechuy-Levytsky brilliantly developed the content and form of the short story and gave the first examples of the realistic novel genre from modern life.

One of the dominant ideas in Nechuy-Levytsky's works was the problem of the human soul. The artist was acutely aware of the trends of the time, changes in the human worldview, and therefore tried to understand who or what makes people decline. Even the clergy were losing their national and moral guidelines, so in "Old World Fathers and Mothers" the author shows the formation of anti-spiritual traits in the spiritual environment - selfishness and anger, directly related to the loss of the humanistic essence of the personality.