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The textbook reveals the content of the main sections that correspond to the topics of the educational course "Sociology". In it in an accessible form with the help of designations, diagrams, tables and explanations of the basic theoretical positions of sociology as an educational discipline: the peculiarities of historical stages of the development of social science, the basic foundations of the general theoretical and sectoral sociological theories. The theoretical block of the textbook is supplemented by practical tasks for each topic. They contain plans for practical exercises, tasks and exercises, tests, fragments of sociological works of foreign and domestic authors, which will help successful learning of the course and the development of skills in the internal management of sociological knowledge. It is intended for students of all forms of education of higher educational institutions in preparation for lectures and seminars, as well as for all those who are interested in social science.