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Shibboleth is a Hebrew term borrowed from the biblical Book of Judges (12:4-6). There it means a verbal identification mark, a kind of password that distinguishes one's own from outsiders. It is also the title of one of the most famous poems by Paul Celan, in which the word is a symbol of belonging to the camp of the persecuted and persecuted. Shibboleth is a differential code of human consciousness, a carrier of national and linguistic and cultural identity. The book by literary critic and translator Petro Rykhlo is devoted to the search for Jewish identity in the German-language lyrics of Bukovyna, where this problem often acquired not only artistic and aesthetic, but also existential significance.