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The content of the textbook corresponds to the content of the discipline set out in the educational and professional programme for bachelors in the field of knowledge 0305 – «Economics and Entrepreneurship». The essence, structure and types of national economies, types of economic reproduction, conceptual approaches of the national accounting system are revealed. The main economic theories and basic institutions of the national economy, the theory of social welfare and social market economy, institutional factors of development are considered. Much attention is paid to the characterisation of economic potential, national market infrastructure, statehood and public administration, structural reorganisation of the national economy, its programming and forecasting. The categories of democracy, economic freedom and economic order, economic growth policy and institutional forms of integration and the world economy are explored. The book is intended for students of economics and other specialities, teachers of higher education institutions, researchers, as well as employees of the real sector of the economy, specialists of state and regional levels of government and local self-government.