Modern Competitive Strategy, 4e focuses on what makes firms successful over time, ultimately within industries that are global in scope. It is meant to be comprehensive yet succinct, discipline-based yet practical, highly general yet applicable to currently emerging industries - all of this, we hope, without sacrificing quality of content or style. It is intended to be appropriate for teaching at all levels—undergraduate, MBA, and EMBA - and to be understandable to students both with and without business experience. To this end, it serves as a relatively complete introduction to strategy as an academic and practical discipline. Furthermore, it is flexible in its fit to course length - module, quarter, or semester.