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Panteleimon Oleksandrovych Kulish was a Ukrainian writer, folklorist, ethnographer, linguist, translator, critic, editor, publisher, and philosopher of history. He actively contributed to the development of the Ukrainian literary language, science, philosophy, and history.

Author of the "kulishivka" - the first phonetic alphabet of the Ukrainian language, which is the basis of modern Ukrainian spelling and speech. He fought against the "peasant style" in folk literature, introduced Church Slavonicisms, Russian and Polish borrowings into his language for the effect of melody and colourfulness.

Ivan Franko called Kulish a "first-rate star" in Ukrainian literature, "one of the luminaries of our literature." He is best known as a translator of the Bible and as the author of the first Ukrainian historical novel, The Black Council. He wrote in Ukrainian and Russian.