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The textbook explores the regularities of the functioning of a modern market mixed economic system based on private ownership and state regulation and open to international relations. The most acute problems of modern society (unemployment, inflation, poverty, waste of resources, etc.) are considered in close connection with the cyclical nature of the development of a privately organised economic system. On the basis of a detailed analysis of the market behaviour of macroeconomic actors (households, firms, government, foreign countries) that form aggregate demand and aggregate supply, models of general equilibrium of the economic system are built, which help to identify the factors that cause fluctuations in economic activity and inefficiency of government regulation. For students of economic specialities of higher educational institutions.