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The work describes the provisions of the current Constitution of Ukraine and the issues of their implementation. The doctrinal issues of the rule-of-law state, the problems of implementing the principle of separation of powers and the formation of checks and balances, the development of a system of guarantees of human rights and freedoms, the improvement of legal aid and defence institutions, and the administration of justice are thoroughly covered. The problems of the rule of law, legal certainty and competition of legal norms are analysed. Considerable attention is paid to the implementation of the strategic goal of society - the development of a sovereign, independent, social state based on the rule of law. Proposals are made to improve the legislation and practice of its application.