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Ivan Nechuy-Levytsky also acted as a playwright (comedy «On the Leathernecks», historical drama «Marusya Boguslavka», «In the Smoke and in the Flame (1875), etc.), ethnographer-folklorist (&Worldview of the Ukrainian People from Antiquity to the Present (1868 & 1871).), «Ukrainian Humourists and Shturi» (1890)) and linguist («Modern Journal Language in Ukraine» (1907); «Grammar of the Ukrainian Language» in 2 parts (1914), etc.

He went down in the history of Ukrainian literature as an outstanding master of fiction. Having created a number of highly artistic social and everyday stories and novels, depicting the hard life of the Ukrainian people in the second half of the XIX century, showing the life of the peasantry and labourers driven by poverty from their homes to factories and fishing, I. Nechuy-Levytsky introduced new themes and motifs into Ukrainian literature, depicting them with vivid artistic means. Unlike his predecessors, Kvitka-Osnovyanenko and Marko Vovchok, he developed characters in more detail, covered social life more fully, and showed his characters in sharp confrontations with social conditions. In the post-reform period, social relations became more complicated, and new conflicts arose between the main strata of the population. The development of capitalism and the proletarianisation of the peasantry that filled the cities led to the emergence of a new type of proletarianised peasant and new social conditions for his life in the city. In short, the new conditions required the emergence of new types and genres that could more deeply and accurately capture the complexity and diversity of the manifestations of contemporary life.