Innovation is the key driver of economic growth and development. A well-balanced, affordable and reliable system of intellectual property rights is needed to protect the - often large and highly risky - investments of innovative and creative companies against potential imitators and thereby provide key incentives to undertake such investments in the first place. Countries with economies in transition face particular challenges to integrate into global production networks and to find their own niche in the increasingly global value chains. This book discusses intellectual property management and focuses on the challenges that research organisations and small/medium enterprises face in using the intellectual property system, particularly in transition countries, and on the policy options available to support them.