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The Hutsuls are the most mysterious, militant and freedom-loving ethnic group of Ukrainians. They created the phenomenon of opryshkivka, a guerrilla movement in which a martial art emerged, which later formed the basis for the development of combat tactics of the Ukrainian Sich Riflemen, the Ukrainian Insurgent Army, and other Ukrainian military formations. Based on the study of numerous historical printed sources and analysis of folklore materials, the author examines the extraordinary skills of the mysterious magi and molfars who became the creators of the Oprishkiv movement and mentors of its participants, developing a system of their combat training; traces the history of Hutsuls' participation in various Ukrainian military formations from princely times to the First and Second World Wars inclusive; analyses their actions in specific combat operations.