Two Treatises of Government is a work by an English teacher and philosopher John Locke about the state origin and its role in the society, the “civilized” form of government in contradiction to the tyrannical monarchy that became a basis for the civil society idea. In The First Treatise, Locke analyzes the malignancy of a divine origin theory of any state power and proves that this idea will inevitably lead to poverty in one form or another. Eventually, this divine origin (jure divino) doctrine will put an end to every government.

In The Second Treatise, Locke explains an origin of the state as a natural result of concluding the so-called “social agreement”. According to Locke, people united and reached this social agreement in order to defend everybody’s rights more efficiently.