This is an automatically translated description

«The Republic» — is a dialogue by Plato dedicated to the problem of the ideal state. It was created in 360 BC. According to Plato, the state is the embodiment of the idea of justice. The dialogue for the first time clearly identifies philosophers as people who are able to comprehend what is always identical to themselves.

The dialogue contains a systematics and a brief critical analysis of the types of state system (the ideal «state of the future», which does not yet exist, to the ideal «state of the future»which does not yet exist, is not included in it), arranged by Plato according to the measure of gradual degradation, which looks like evolution in time, but the irreversibility of such evolution is not directly stated, and the question of the inevitability of degradation is not clearly stated, so if you wish, this degradation can be considered only a description of a certain trend, very similar to the decline of the system of primitive democracy. This is the measure of state types (from best to worst): Aristocracy and Monarchy, Timocracy, Oligarchy, Democracy, Tyranny.

Plato is the author of many philosophical works: «Harmid», «Euthydemus», «Euthyphron», «Critias», «Minos», «Eriksias, Alcibiades I, Socrates' Apology, Hippias the Great, etc.

Translated into Ukrainian by Yaroslav Mishanych.