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The monograph examines the return of the Bible to the axiological orbit of today's society and the tasks of in-depth study of its structure and spiritual and cultural resonance as an urgent problem of our spiritual development in an era that until recently was called "post-Christian", and now is beginning to be defined as "post-secularised". The author analyses the key words of the Bible, in particular the fundamental ethical concept of conscience, the soteriological concept and political doctrine of the Eternal Book, the biblical view of the relationship between love and freedom, and the dialectic of crime and punishment, on the basis of a wide range of cultural and philological material. The study is unique in its ease and effectiveness of combining philological, philosophical, theological, cultural, socio-historical, political science, and even partly natural science approaches.