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The paper, using the example of the development of the government's state policy towards national minorities, attempts to develop a scientific concept of the formation of a multi-ethnic society in Ukraine over a period of more than two centuries. The author reveals the patterns and peculiarities of formation of the main national communities in the process of development of the Northern Black Sea region. An integrated approach to the problem under study is important, which is manifested in the consideration of legal, historical and socio-economic material in the aggregate, and the study of the relationship between legal aspects and other factors of the process of formation of Ukraine's multi-ethnic and multi-religious composition.

The practical significance of the work is determined by the possibility of using its results and materials: in the research area - in the development of general theoretical problems related to the determination of the legal status of representatives of different nationalities