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This book is about a short but eventful period in the history of Ukraine, from 20 November 1917 to 29 April 1918, during which the first Ukrainian statehood of the twentieth century, the Ukrainian People's Republic, existed. Based on historical sources, the publication presents a slightly different version of the history of the UPR from the textbook. The author not only examines the course of political life in the UPR or the state of self-identification in society, but also draws attention to Ukraine's transition to the Gregorian calendar and Central European time, the funerals of Kruty residents and victims of the "town war," political arrests and murders, as well as other events and processes that are only seemingly unimportant.